Author: errefom

The industrial engineering sector in the Republic of Kazakhstan is experiencing significant growth and development. In this context, the adaptation of Western engineering practices to national and regional specificities is particularly important and necessary.

Rahimberdi Ibragimovich, could you please explain the different types of contractual regulations used in global construction practices?

Undoubtedly, modern economic relations demand new standards for engineering activity, management standards, and professional levels. The global economic crisis has intensified the need for a thorough evaluation of potential risks in construction contracts. Consequently, in Kazakhstan’s construction industry, we see a trend towards adopting international contract forms adapted to Kazakh standards, replacing traditional construction contracts.

Among the various types of construction contracts, EPC and EPCM contracts stand out.

• EPC (Engineering, Procurement, Construction): This typically refers to a “turnkey” construction agreement at a fixed price. An EPC contractor, equivalent to a General Contractor in traditional terms, performs the main scope of work for an investment and construction project at a fixed price. They are responsible for all risks involved, from design to the handover of the completed facility to the Client, including warranty implementation.

• EPCM (Engineering, Procurement, Construction Management): Similar to EPC, the contract involves engineering, procurement, construction, and “turnkey” handover of the facility to the Client. However, an EPCM contractor acts as a General Contractor responsible for project management risks, from design to handover, including warranty implementation.

Are you saying that the primary distinction between these two contract types lies in the contractors’ responsibility for project implementation risks?

Yes, that’s correct.

• EPC Contract: The General Contractor, appointed by the Client, provides design, supply control and management, and construction services. The EPC model places project management responsibility on the General Contractor, who enters into subcontracts as needed and assumes all risks related to quality, deadlines, and costs. EPC contracts are generally used for projects where the General Contractor can accurately estimate financial expenses and risks. The EPC contractor typically performs the main scope of work themselves, and there is no additional remuneration for managing subcontractors.

• EPCM Contract: The Contractor, appointed by the Client, provides design and control/management of supply and construction. However, the EPCM Contractor only manages the construction process and consults the Client at all project stages. The Client bears the project implementation risks, as they are responsible for contracting with subcontractors.

The key difference between EPCM and EPC is that in the EPCM model, the contractor provides professional design and supply management services but does not perform construction work. The EPCM Contractor’s role is to assess the capabilities of selected contractors/suppliers, clearly allocate work and responsibilities, coordinate their actions, resolve disputes, plan the overall project, adapt to critical changes with minimal impact, and ensure continuous progress.

Timeshare exchange companies provide a way for owners to leverage their unused weeks. Interval International and RCI are the dominant players in this market, allowing owners to deposit their weeks and then “trade” them for stays at other timeshare properties.

Timeshare owners often face the challenge of needing to modify or cancel previously booked vacations. Even when they can’t utilize their vacation time, they’re still obligated to pay annual maintenance fees.

Similar to real estate, cancellation and modification policies vary depending on the individual resort chain. However, timeshares introduce additional complexities, particularly concerning whether you own points or weeks. If you own weeks, exchange companies add another layer of management. As timeshare attorneys have explained, these exchange companies play a significant role.

The timeshare exchange market operates distinctly from the traditional hotel sector. This is due to factors such as advanced bookings, limited availability, oversold units within point systems, and a surplus of resort unit owners and exchange companies. A universal, one-size-fits-all vacation product often fails to satisfy all timeshare owners, yet remains a profitable business model for resort developers, who generate substantial revenue from new memberships and maintenance fees from an oversaturated customer base.

Timeshare Ownership and Recurring Costs

The most common expense associated with timeshare ownership is the maintenance fee. This annual fee covers property upkeep and is typically paid in a lump sum, though some resorts offer monthly payment options. Maintenance fees vary by location and are subject to increases.

Another unexpected expense is property taxes, which resort developers often fail to disclose to buyers. It’s crucial to inquire about taxes when considering a timeshare purchase, as they are standard across the industry. Additionally, some resorts impose a timeshare tax per booking, which can range from $40 or more per night.

Unexpected Utility Charges

Many timeshare owners assume that utilities are included in their maintenance fees. However, this is often not the case. Electricity, gas, and even water usage during your stay may be billed separately. For those who run air conditioning units consistently, these charges can be substantial.

The Unique Nature of Timeshare Exchanges

Timeshare exchanges differ significantly from the traditional hotel market due to advanced bookings, limited availability, oversold units in point systems, and an abundance of resort owners and exchange companies. Timeshare memberships are not a one-size-fits-all vacation solution. However, with careful consideration, they can be a profitable business model for both consumers and owners.

What are SOC 2 and ISO 27001?

Modern businesses must prove their ability to protect sensitive information and maintain robust security measures. SOC 2, created by the American Institute of CPAs (AICPA), exists specifically for service organizations that handle customer data. The framework assesses organizational controls through what AICPA calls the trust service criteria, encompassing security measures, system availability, data processing integrity, information confidentiality, and personal privacy protection.

ISO 27001 serves as the global benchmark for information security management systems (ISMS). This comprehensive standard guides organizations through establishing, maintaining, and continuously improving their information security protocols. The framework emphasizes systematic risk identification, analysis, and mitigation while ensuring all aspects of information security receive proper attention.

Main differences between the standards

Understanding soc 2 vs iso 27001 reveals significant distinctions in their approach and implementation. SOC 2 functions primarily as an attestation mechanism, producing detailed reports about security controls during specific timeframes. This framework particularly benefits North American service providers, offering them flexibility to select and implement relevant trust service criteria based on their operational needs.

ISO 27001 employs a more expansive methodology through its management system structure. Organizations must conduct regular internal evaluations, perform management assessments, and maintain ongoing enhancement initiatives. The standard holds international recognition and requires implementation of mandatory controls, with exceptions permitted only when thoroughly justified through formal risk assessment.

How these frameworks work together?

The relationship between these standards creates powerful opportunities for enhanced security management. While their requirements occasionally overlap, each framework brings unique strengths to an organization’s security program. ISO 27001 provides the foundational structure and management approach, while SOC 2 delivers specific control guidance and comprehensive reporting mechanisms.

This partnership becomes especially valuable during risk evaluation processes. The methodical risk management approach required by ISO 27001 strengthens the control environment necessary for SOC 2 compliance. Similarly, SOC 2’s detailed control specifications help organizations satisfy numerous ISO 27001 control objectives efficiently.

Value of dual implementation

Implementing both frameworks creates exceptional advantages for forward-thinking organizations. The combined approach establishes a comprehensive security foundation that satisfies both systematic management requirements and specific control needs. Organizations gain enhanced credibility with stakeholders while demonstrating their serious commitment to protecting sensitive information.

Dual certification enables businesses to pursue opportunities across international markets while maintaining compliance with North American requirements. The combined frameworks typically reduce the burden of security assessmentsby providing robust evidence of security practices to potential business partners. Organizations often report smoother procurement processes and enhanced trust from their client base.

How to implement both standards effectively?

A successful integration requires thoughtful coordination and strategic planning. Organizations should establish ISO 27001’s management system as their foundation, creating a structured environment for incorporating SOC 2’s control requirements. Effective implementation depends on identifying overlapping requirements and streamlining compliance efforts to avoid unnecessary duplication.

Executive leadership must actively champion both standards, ensuring adequate resource allocation and organizational support. Comprehensive training programs prove essential for helping employees understand their roles in maintaining compliance and the importance of following established security protocols. Regular assessments help identify areas for improvement and ensure consistent alignment with both standards.

Moving forward with both standards

Combining SOC 2 and ISO 27001 establishes a robust security framework that delivers exceptional value. Organizations seeking to strengthen their security posture should consider implementing both standards using a coordinated approach. This strategy not only reinforces security controls but also provides significant competitive advantages in security-conscious markets.

Successfully achieving and maintaining dual compliance requires sustained commitment and appropriate resources. Organizations should begin with a thorough analysis of their current security posture against both standards’ requirements. A structured implementation plan should leverage natural synergies between the frameworks while addressing unique requirements efficiently. This investment typically yields substantial returns through enhanced security capabilities, increased stakeholder confidence, and stronger market positioning.

The path to implementation should include regular reassessment of security controls, continuous staff training, and periodic external audits. Organizations should establish clear metrics for measuring success and maintain detailed documentation of their security processes. This comprehensive approach ensures long-term sustainability of the security program while maximizing the benefits of both standards.

Korkrollen sind äußerst vielseitige Materialien, die für verschiedenste Anwendungen im Heim- und Hobbybereich genutzt werden können. Sie bestehen aus Naturkork, einem umweltfreundlichen und nachwachsenden Rohstoff, der durch seine hervorragenden Eigenschaften wie Elastizität, Isolationsfähigkeit und Wasserbeständigkeit überzeugt. In diesem Artikel erfahren Sie mehr über die vielen Einsatzmöglichkeiten von Korkrollen, insbesondere in den Bereichen Innenraumgestaltung, DIY-Projekte sowie als Hilfsmittel für verschiedene handwerkliche Arbeiten.

Anwendungen von Korkrollen im Innenraum

Korkrollen werden besonders häufig im Innenraum von Wohnhäusern und Büros eingesetzt, da sie zahlreiche Vorteile bieten. Sie können beispielsweise als Wandverkleidung verwendet werden, wodurch eine warme und natürliche Atmosphäre entsteht. Gleichzeitig verbessert Kork durch seine schallabsorbierenden Eigenschaften die Raumakustik, was insbesondere in offenen Bürobereichen oder Wohnlandschaften von Vorteil ist. Dank der thermischen Isolierungseigenschaften von Kork kann er zudem als Dämmmaterial dienen, um Energiekosten zu senken und den Wohnkomfort zu erhöhen.

Eine weitere häufige Anwendung von Korkrollen im Innenraum ist der Einsatz als Unterlage für Bodenbeläge wie Laminat oder Parkett. Korkunterlagen sind eine hervorragende Möglichkeit, den Trittschall zu reduzieren und gleichzeitig für eine zusätzliche Dämmung zu sorgen. Die Elastizität von Kork trägt außerdem dazu bei, dass der Bodenbelag weniger beansprucht wird, was die Langlebigkeit erhöht.

Kreative DIY-Projekte mit Korkrollen

Korkrollen sind auch ein beliebtes Material für kreative DIY-Projekte. Sie lassen sich leicht zuschneiden und verarbeiten, wodurch sich zahlreiche Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten ergeben. Bastelprojekte mit Kork sind sowohl für Erwachsene als auch für Kinder geeignet und bieten eine tolle Gelegenheit, individuelle und nachhaltige Dekorationsobjekte herzustellen.

Ein Beispiel für ein DIY-Projekt ist die Herstellung von Pinnwänden aus Korkrollen. Diese lassen sich individuell gestalten und eignen sich perfekt, um wichtige Notizen, Fotos oder Erinnerungsstücke aufzubewahren. Auch als Unterlage für Bastelarbeiten, wie das Anfertigen von Modellen oder Skulpturen, sind Korkrollen bestens geeignet. Sie bieten eine stabile und gleichzeitig flexible Basis, die durch ihre Wasserbeständigkeit auch für den Einsatz im Freien geeignet ist.

Falls Sie an weiteren Anwendungen interessiert sind, besuchen Sie die Webseite https://korkgeschaft.de/ und entdecken Sie die vielfältigen Angebote rund um Korkunterlagen: Die perfekte Basis für Ihren Bodenbelag. Dort finden Sie nicht nur Korkrollen, sondern auch Produkte wie Wandkork, Korkplatten, Gummikork und Schaumkork, die sich für eine Vielzahl von Projekten eignen.

Weitere Einsatzgebiete und Vorteile von Korkrollen

Neben der Nutzung im Innenraum und für DIY-Projekte sind Korkrollen auch in weiteren Bereichen äußerst praktisch. So finden sie beispielsweise als Isolationsmaterial in der Bauindustrie Anwendung. Aufgrund ihrer guten thermischen und akustischen Isolationseigenschaften sind Korkrollen hervorragend geeignet, um sowohl gegen Wärmeverluste als auch gegen Lärm zu dämmen. Dies macht sie zu einer umweltfreundlichen Alternative zu anderen, oft weniger nachhaltigen Isolationsmaterialien.

Darüber hinaus eignen sich Korkrollen für die Verwendung als Schutzmaterial. Sie können beispielsweise als Unterlage für empfindliche Gegenstände dienen, um diese vor Kratzern oder Beschädigungen zu schützen. Auch im Verpackungsbereich findet Kork immer mehr Einsatz, da er biologisch abbaubar ist und damit eine nachhaltige Alternative zu synthetischen Verpackungsmaterialien darstellt. Die Flexibilität und Robustheit von Kork machen ihn in vielen Bereichen zu einem bevorzugten Material.

Fazit

Korkrollen sind aufgrund ihrer zahlreichen positiven Eigenschaften und ihrer Vielseitigkeit ein wertvolles Material für Heim und Hobby. Sie eignen sich für die Innenraumgestaltung, als Basis für DIY-Projekte, zur Verbesserung der Akustik und zur thermischen Isolierung. Darüber hinaus bieten sie vielfältige Einsatzmöglichkeiten in handwerklichen und kreativen Bereichen sowie in der Bau- und Verpackungsindustrie. Ihre nachhaltigen Eigenschaften machen Korkrollen zu einer umweltfreundlichen Wahl für viele Anwendungszwecke.

Shopify Plus is a SaaS engine that is gaining recognition around the world and is used in dynamic business development. Not every entrepreneur fully understands its possibilities and how to use its potential to achieve the intended goals faster and more effectively. That’s why the Shopify Ebook was created, which explains how to improve the performance of your Shopify store and increase the satisfaction of your customers thanks to optimised activities. Learn what the next step is in using the Shopify platform to scale your business and avoid making unnecessary mistakes!

• Shopify Ebook and your Shopify store – what do they have in common?
• Customise your store as much as possible with Shopify Scripts!

Shopify Ebook and your Shopify store – what do they have in common?

The content of Shopify Ebook mainly concerns Shopify Plus components, thanks to which you will better understand how this platform works and how to use it to develop your store. Thanks to this, you can discover how individual options and functionalities affect the reception of your online store and its perception by customers.

In the ebook you will find information about what Shopify Scripts, Lounchpad etc. are. You will also learn how to ensure the security of your stored data, how to deal with some key technical issues and optimise your store. All activities are aimed at better understanding customer behavior who visit your store and drive traffic, which will increase conversion and revenue of your business.

You’ll better understand how to tailor your store to your needs and increase the satisfaction of your target audience. Shopify is a SaaS engine that is extremely popular around the world. It is used not only by small online stores, but also by large brands, which can use it to additionally build a positive image of their brand.

This ebook will show you how other stores have succeeded in various industries. It will also be a source of expert knowledge on how setting up a store properly contributes to achieving your goals and business expectations.

Customise your store as much as possible with Shopify Scripts!

This platform gives you enormous opportunities. Thanks to it, you can sell digital products and physical products, as well as offer services and build a positive brand image.

Shopify app allows users to create custom solutions that will stand out from the competition and attract the attention of potential customers. With the help of Shopify Scripts, you will build interesting discount systems, adjust payment methods, and thus improve the conversion rate that you care about the most!

You can read about all the possibilities and limitations in the mentioned e-book!

While a lease is a legally binding contract between a tenant and a landlord, breaking it constitutes a breach of that agreement. There are various reasons why someone might need to terminate a lease early, and doing so can present challenges. However, here’s some guidance on how to navigate this process effectively.

When you enter into a lease agreement, you’re committing to a legally secure contract. However, circumstances can arise that necessitate breaking the lease. A tenant might experience job loss, illness, a required relocation for work or personal reasons, or a relationship breakup. In such situations, terminating the lease becomes necessary. This can be a daunting task, and you may face fees and penalties. Here’s some information to help you understand your tenant rights.

Typically, a tenant is expected to provide the landlord with 60 to 90 days’ notice that they won’t be renewing the lease. The responsibility then falls on both the tenant and the landlord to find a new occupant. In a competitive rental market like New York City, and especially with a desirable apartment, finding a replacement shouldn’t be overly difficult. It’s crucial to review your lease agreement, as many contain automatic renewal clauses. You might unknowingly find your lease has been renewed if you haven’t carefully read the fine print.

There are certain circumstances under which a tenant is legally permitted to break a lease without penalty. These conditions are critical and must be adhered to. All rent payments must be current, and there should be no existing or past breaches of the tenant’s obligations. Therefore, when entering into a lease with a new landlord, ensure you fulfill your contractual duties and establish yourself as a reliable and responsible tenant.

about freshwater decapods in Eastern Bulgaria, espe- cially in Eastern Stara Planina Mts. and Kamchiya River is very scarce. The noble crayfi sh ( A. astacus ) and also the stone crayfi sh ( A. torrentium ) happen to be included as ‘endangered’ species inside the Bulgarian Red List and are already listed inside the Annex IV of European Community Directives with the Conservation of Natural habitats and wild Flora and Fauna (97/62/EU) as subject of special conservation mea- sures. In producing this paper, the authors try and provide new specifics of the distribution of crayfi sh and crabs in Bulgaria. An additional goal this article is to express to and promote the roll-out of appropriate management strategy to the conservation of crabs and crayfi sh habitats inside the upper reaches of Kamchiya River in terms of the establishment of Natura 2000 network. Between 2004 and 2011, twelve localities for the upper reaches from the Kamchiya River were examined periodically for your presence of freshwater crabs and crayfi sh. The localities included the key river and quite a few of its major tributaries (Golyama Kamchiya, Luda Kamchiya, Kotleshnica , Medvenska, Glogova and Neikovska rivers). At each river site, locations for sampling were selected determined by ease of access on the shore and identifi cation of areas believed planning to provide suitable crab and crayfi sh habitat (Figure 1). Crabs and crayfi sh captured were counted and identifi ed. After these procedures, folks were released back on the water. In some locations, local anglers provided additional material. Three sampling methods were utilized to catch crabs and crayfi sh: (1) Direct hand sampling through the river bed, by searching spaces between rocks and inside the roots (2) By ring net, and that is basically a container made of two solid rings connected by cotton or nylon 0.6 cm mesh. The top ring includes a larger diameter (50 cm) as opposed to bottom ring (30 cm). When deployed, this type of trap becomes fl at about the river bottom, giving crabs and crayfi sh access to your bait inside the centre. (3) A new noteworthy method with а fi shing rod, cord, safety pin and bait mounted on it was used. The bait (small fi sh (e.g. Phoxinus phoxinus, Linnaeus, 1758), earth- worm or section of meat) is moved up and down in front on the crayfi sh hole. The method can be called “thumping” because in the crayfi shing the bait frequently touches the bottom on the river. During this process, the crayfi sh emerge from their shelter, attracted from the bait and its particular specifi c verti- cal movement and started look for it. Once the crayfi sh provides the bait fi rmly within his claws, the bait is raised towards the water surface (Figure 2)

When it comes to deciding from your high-volume scanner or low-volume scanner for ones business, you will most probably consider getting in touch with purchase a site agreement.

These forms of agreements certainly are a warranty that can offer onsite service and technical support on your scanner. These agreements have plenty of benefits including onsite care and support. However, many companies may be often unwilling to spend the excess money.

To help assess if a scanner agreement is right for ones business, you have to weigh these options. This will help you to determine if a scanner service agreement is right for ones business.

Onsite Service: Just about all agreements feature some sort of onsite service. The key is to discover the times and days when you can get those to service your scanner. Most reliable companies offer onsite service during typical work hours Monday through Friday from 8 a.m. in order to 5 p.m.

It’s vital that you ask about the service hours before purchasing any agreement. You’ll want to choose one that meets your schedule.

Extended Warranties: Another benefit of these varieties of agreements can be an extension from the original manufacturer’s warranty. The warranty is normally extended anywhere from around one to three years. You’ll want to review the original warranty to view what is included.

By looking over the first warranty, you can determine if the service agreement suits you.

Response Times: This is another important thing to think about before purchasing something agreement. You will want to discover how long it will require people to are able to your office to service your scanner.

Typically companies have a site radius which they follow. Companies generally guarantee a specific hour response time depending on the distance between your work and the service center. If your work is more than 100 miles out of the service center, it typically can be a next day response.

Read the Service Agreement: This is perhaps the key step in this process. Before signing any documents, take a moment to read on the agreement. It’s quite likely that you’re going to have some questions.

Once you sign the agreement, make certain you get the correct contact info as well as the important support telephone numbers.

Is a Service Agreement Right For You?

So, this is actually the answer to the most crucial question – It depends.

Purchasing a website agreement is usually a great investment for the scanner. However, all this depends on your allowance.

A lots of times a document imaging company will continue to work with you for the pricing with the scanner and also the service agreement. A service agreement is really a good thing to possess, particularly when hardware and software issues arise.

If you want to download your chosen YouTube videos, it is possible to use a downloader. However, before you purchase one, we propose that you consider a few things. Although there are a great deal of options available, the majority of them are useless. Once you have found the appropriate platform, know you won’t must look back to have an alternative. In this article, we will help you opt for the appropriate one.

Good video downloaders employ a few features in keeping. Let’s talk about some of the most common ones.

Make certain that the platform supports different video resolutions, including HD and Full HD, and 4K.
The app should support each of the websites that you simply want make use of, for instance SoundCloud and Facebook.
It should let you download your videos in batches, which will enable you to download multiple videos or possibly a whole playlist.
It should permit you to convert major file formats, for instance.mp4 and.mp3.
The software should have a clean graphical user interface.
It shouldn’t look for your personal information.
This is the central consideration. If you download it from an untrustworthy source, chances are you’ll end up downloading a malware or virus.

Online Converters vs Desktop Converters

Now, you should choose between a web-based service or perhaps a standalone desktop program. Often, the net server based apps offer limited options since all of the processing and conversion happens within the server in the provider. Therefore, a reverse phone lookup may cost you more if you need to run multiple conversions concurrently. This is more important in order to download HD videos.

Web-based Converters

As far as web-based apps have concerns, the good thing is that you just don’t must install a separate application. With online convertors, you’ll be able to download as numerous videos as you desire for free. All you have to do is type in the URL of one’s desired video.

As far as downloading MP3 version of your selected videos can be involved, video footage converters can be popular. The thing is that they’re much easier to utilize. From the viewpoint of price, online converters less complicated cost effective. They purchase their operation over the ad revenue.

Desktop Software

The desktop software allows additional variety. The thing is that most YouTube video converters are offered as desktop versions. The good thing about these programs is they don’t require you to definitely connect to a server to render or convert your videos. All the processing and conversion is finished by the processor within your computer.

A desktop-based video converter allows someone to choose from lots of conversion options. Since they make use of the processing power of your respective PC, they will convert videos to the resolution you enjoy. Apart from this, a desktop app offers faster processing so which you can convert all of your respective playlist videos.

Based with your needs, you may choose from both of these options. Downloadable software use a restriction to some on the features, and so they require you to definitely pay to unlock all of the features.

So, these are typically some tips to enable you to choose the best YouTube video downloader. Hope this assists.